Oral health of an indigenous population in northeastern Brazil: a cross-sectional Study of the Fulni-ô ethnic group

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: There is a lack of studies evaluating the oral health of traditional indigenous communities in Brazil. OBJECTIVES: Thus, the objective of this study was to describe the oral health characteristics of the indigenous Fulni-ô ethnic group in Northeast Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional observational investigation was conducted within the Project on Atherosclerosis among Indigenous Populations. METHODS: This study included participants of both sexes from the Fulni-ô ethnic group. The participants included in this investigation underwent a comprehensive oral health evaluation by a registered and experienced dentist to assess oral health and identify potentially malignant oral lesions. Participants with suspicious lesions were referred for biopsy. Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney, and Student's t-tests were used, and measures of central tendency and dispersion were described. Statistical significance was 5%. RESULTS: A total of 104 individuals were included in this study. The prevalence of the use of tobacco derivatives was 94.0%, with similarities between sexes. The prevalence of oral changes in this study population was 84.4%. Fifty-one individuals who underwent oral reassessment were referred for oral lesion biopsy. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of oral alterations in the Fulni-ô population. Histopathological analyses indicated the presence of mild oral epithelial dysplasia in five cases.

Oral health of an indigenous population in northeastern Brazil: a cross-sectional Study of the Fulni-ô ethnic group.

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of studies evaluating the oral health of traditional indigenous communities in Brazil. OBJECTIVES: Thus, the objective of this study was to describe the oral health characteristics of the indigenous Fulni-ô ethnic group in Northeast Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional observational investigation was conducted within the Project on Atherosclerosis among Indigenous Populations. METHODS: This study included participants of both sexes from the Fulni-ô ethnic group. The participants included in this investigation underwent a comprehensive oral health evaluation by a registered and experienced dentist to assess oral health and identify potentially malignant oral lesions. Participants with suspicious lesions were referred for biopsy. Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney, and Student's t-tests were used, and measures of central tendency and dispersion were described. Statistical significance was 5%. RESULTS: A total of 104 individuals were included in this study. The prevalence of the use of tobacco derivatives was 94.0%, with similarities between sexes. The prevalence of oral changes in this study population was 84.4%. Fifty-one individuals who underwent oral reassessment were referred for oral lesion biopsy. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of oral alterations in the Fulni-ô population. Histopathological analyses indicated the presence of mild oral epithelial dysplasia in five cases.

Oral Cancer Screening in Elderly in Sao Paulo State, Brazil (2001 to 2009)

Objective: To describe and explore analytically the trends of oral cancer positive cases incidence during nine-year screenings campaign of Sao Paulo´s State (Brazil) and to show other countries and health services an option for tracking at-risk population. Material and Methods: Secondary official data were tabulated and analysed using the Excel and STATA statistical 10.0 software packages. After descriptive statistics, the trend curves were calculated by moving average for each variable (type moving average of two samples centred) to attenuate the random variability of the series, and trends classified: stable, ascending and descending. Results: The trend of municipalities numbers remained stable; the number of examined people, the screening coverage and the absolute number of patients referred to secondary health care showed an increasing trend; and the percentage of suspected cases showed a decreasing trend during the nineyear period. A decrease in the number of suspicious lesions and confirmed cases of oral cancer among the volunteers was observed, and the reorganization of secondary and tertiary levels of oral care helped to modify these numbers. Conclusion: We believe this experience was more important to help health services organization than for the oral cancer diagnosis itself, and it might be used to inspire other countries and oral health services.

Reorganization of secondary and tertiary health care levels: impact on the outcomes of oral cancer screening in the São Paulo State, Brazil.

This study presents the strategies for prevention and early detection of oral cancer by means of screening in the elderly population of São Paulo, the richest and the most populous state of Brazil. This research was a retrospective longitudinal study based on the analysis of secondary data. The variables - number of participating cities, coverage of screening, and number of suspicious and confirmed cases of oral cancer - were divided into two periods: 2001-2004 and 2005-2008. Data were analyzed statistically by the chi-square test at 5% significance level. The implementation of a nationwide public oral health policy in 2004 and the reorganization of the secondary and tertiary health care were evaluated as mediator factors able to interfere in the achieved outcomes. From 2001 to 2008, 2,229,273 oral examinations were performed. There was an addition of 205 participating cities by the end of the studied period (p<0.0001). The coverage of oral cancer screening increased from 4.1% to 16% (p<0.0001). There was a decrease in the number of suspicious lesions (from 9% in 2005 to 5% in 2008) (p<0.0001) and in the rate of confirmed oral cancer cases per 100,000 examinations (from 20.89 in 2001 to 10.40 in 2008) (p<0.0001). After 8 years of screening, there was a decrease in the number of suspicious lesions and confirmed cases of oral cancer in the population. The reorganization of secondary and tertiary health care levels of oral care seems to have contributed to modify these numbers, having a positive impact on the outcomes of oral cancer screening in the São Paulo State.

Tratamento Conservador de Osteorradionecrose de Mandíbula: Equidade e Racionalização de Recursos / Conservative Treatment of Mandibular Osteoradionecrosis: Equity and Rationalization of Resources

Relatar uma experiência de tratamento conservadore controle da ORN mandibular. Material e Métodos: Seis casosde ORN foram tratados com aplicação tópica diária desolução aquosa de gluconato de clorexidine à 0,12%, higienebucal rigorosa e eliminação de fatores irritantes à mucosa.As lesões orais de ORN tinham até 2cm no maior eixo. Oacompanhamento clínico foi realizado semanalmente até iníciode resposta ao tratamento e mensalmente após este período.A resposta à terapia foi classificada em: remissão total eparcial, aumento da lesão e ausência de resposta.Resultados: Dos seis pacientes, dois eram do sexo femininoe quatro do sexo masculino, com idades entre 39 a 78 anos.Todos os casos apresentaram resposta positiva tratamento,com três pacientes apresentando remissão parcial e trêscom remissão total. Após uma semana e meia, todos ospacientes relaram remissão total dos sinais prodrômicos daORN (dor e secreção purulenta). O tempo médio de tratamentofoi de 16,6 meses. Conclusão: Houve redução ou cura dosquadros clínicos dos casos acompanhados, e considera-seque esta evolução evitou o encaminhamento dos pacientespara câmara hiperbárica ou ainda a ressecção cirúrgica,deste modo, o tratamento relatado contribuiu para menormorbidade e racionalização de recursos do Sistema Únicode Saúde...

To report the results obtained in the conservativetreatment and control of mandibular ORN. Material andMethods: Six cases of ORN were treated with daily aqueoussolution of chlorhexidine gluconate 0.12% mouthwash,rigorous oral hygiene and removal of irritants to the mucosa.The oral lesions of ORN had up to 2 cm in greatest diameter.Clinical follow-up was conducted weekly until early responseto treatment and monthly, after that period. Response totherapy was classified as: total and partial remission,increased injury and absence of response. Results: Two ofthe six patients were female and four were male. Ages rangedfrom 39 to 78 years old. All cases showed some positiveresponse to the treatment, three patients had partial remissionand three patients had complete remission. In a week and ahalf, all patients presented total remission of ORN prodromalsigns (pain and purulent secretion). The average time oftreatment was 16.6 months. Conclusion: Reduction or totalheal of all ORN cases were achieved. It was noticeable thatthese results avoided indication of both hyperbaric oxygentherapy and surgical resection. Thus, thetreatment reported resulted in less morbidity to patients andrationalization of resources for the Public Health System...

Reorganization of secondary and tertiary health care levels: impact on the outcomes of oral cancer screening in the São Paulo State, Brazil

This study presents the strategies for prevention and early detection of oral cancer by means of screening in the elderly population of São Paulo, the richest and the most populous state of Brazil. This research was a retrospective longitudinal study based on the analysis of secondary data. The variables - number of participating cities, coverage of screening, and number of suspicious and confirmed cases of oral cancer - were divided into two periods: 2001-2004 and 2005-2008. Data were analyzed statistically by the chi-square test at 5% significance level. The implementation of a nationwide public oral health policy in 2004 and the reorganization of the secondary and tertiary health care were evaluated as mediator factors able to interfere in the achieved outcomes. From 2001 to 2008, 2,229,273 oral examinations were performed. There was an addition of 205 participating cities by the end of the studied period (p<0.0001). The coverage of oral cancer screening increased from 4.1% to 16% (p<0.0001). There was a decrease in the number of suspicious lesions (from 9% in 2005 to 5% in 2008) (p<0.0001) and in the rate of confirmed oral cancer cases per 100,000 examinations (from 20.89 in 2001 to 10.40 in 2008) (p<0.0001). After 8 years of screening, there was a decrease in the number of suspicious lesions and confirmed cases of oral cancer in the population. The reorganization of secondary and tertiary health care levels of oral care seems to have contributed to modify these numbers, having a positive impact on the outcomes of oral cancer screening in the São Paulo State.

Este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar as estratégias de prevenção e detecção precoce de câncer bucal, através de triagem (rastreamento) na população idosa do Estado de São Paulo. Esta pesquisa foi um estudo longitudinal retrospectivo baseado na análise de dados secundários. As variáveis -número de cidades participantes, a cobertura da triagem e o número de casos suspeitos e confirmados de câncer bucal - foram divididos em 2 períodos (2001-2004 e 2005-2008). As variáveis foram testadas através do teste do qui-quadrado. A implantação da política nacional de saúde bucal, em 2004, foi incluída como variável capaz de interferir nos resultados alcançados. De 2001 a 2008, 2.229.273 exames foram realizados. Foi observado um aumento de 205 cidades participantes até o final do período estudado (p<0,0001). A extensão do rastreamento para o câncer de boca aumentaram de 4,1% para 16% (p<0,0001). Houve uma diminuição no número de lesões suspeitas (de 9% em 2005 para 5% em 2008) (p<0,0001) e na taxa de casos confirmados de câncer bucal por 100.000 (20,89 em 2001 e 10,40 em 2008) (p=0,0003). Após 8 anos de triagem, observamos uma diminuição no número de lesões suspeitas e casos confirmados de câncer bucal entre os voluntários. É possível que a reorganização dos níveis secundário e terciário de cuidados bucais ajudou na modificação desses números.

Fatores Prognósticos no Câncer de Boca / Prognostic Factors in Oral Cancer

Objetivo: O presente trabalho se propôs a apresentar revisãode literatura sobre os fatores prognósticos clínicos maisrelevantes do câncer bucal. Método: Para elaboração deuma revisão da literatura, do tipo analítica e temática, pormeio da base de dados PUBMED e SCIELO, foram pesquisadosartigos da literatura médica da língua inglesa e portuguesapublicados no período de 1980 a 2009 com auxílio dos termos:fatores prognósticos, indicadores prognósticos, prognósticodo câncer oral, recorrência do câncer oral. Foram incluídosos artigos que abordavam o carcinoma epidermóide assimcomo as suas características clínicas, imaginológicas,estadiamento clínico, dentre outros aspectos, todos denatureza clínica. Foram excluídos os artigos cujasabordagens fossem referentes a experimentos e análiseslaboratoriais e que envolvessem marcadores tumorais ououtros indicadores moleculares do câncer. Resultados: Deum total de 15.542 artigos, 23 foram selecionados e foiobservado que lesões localizadas em regiões de difícilacesso cirúrgico em áreas anatômicas de maior circulaçãosanguínea ou linfática (como a língua) possuem piorprognóstico; quanto mais espesso o tumor e quanto maiorseu estadiamento TNM pior poderá ser a evolução dopaciente. Conclusão: Para as equipes multidisciplinares, quese dedicam ao tratamento desses doentes, o conhecimentoadequado da doença e dos seus fatores prognósticos devetornar cada membro apto à prevenção, identificação econtrole do câncer bucal...

Objective: The present work aimed to present a brief reviewof literature on the most relevant prognostic factors to theclinical prognosis of patients with oral cancer consideringthe experience with clinical cases treated at our Oral Center.Method: An analytic and thematic literature review wasperformed through the PubMed and SciELO database articles.Texts were searched in the English and Portuguese medicalliterature, which were published from 1980 to 2009. Thefollowing key-words were used: prognostic factors,prognostic indicators, oral cancer prognosis, and oral cancerrecurrence. Were included articles that addressed squamouscell carcinoma, since it is the most prevalent oral cancer, aswell as clinical features, imaging procedures, clinical stage,recurrence rates, and aggressive behavior related to themost significant prognostic factors such as patient age, tumorlocation, tumor thickness and TNM classification. Wereexcluded articles whose approaches were related tolaboratorial and experimental tests and involving tumormarkers or molecular indicators of oral cancer. Results: Froma total of 15.542 articles, twenty-three were selected aftercriteria application, and it was observed that lesions locatedin areas with difficult surgical access and with greater bloodor lymphatic circulation (such as the tongue) have a worseprognosis; greater tumor thickness and TNM staging areassociated with worst outcomes. Conclusion: Therefore,each member of the multidisciplinary group which assistsOSCC patients must comprehend this pathology and itsprognostic factors in order to become able to prevent,recognize and control the oral cancer...

Análise morfológica da mucosa oral de ratos submetida a carcinogênese experimental pelo àxido de nitroquinolina (4NQO) / Morphological analysis of the oral mucosa of rats subjected to experimental carcinogenesis by administration of nitroquinoline oxide (4NQO)

Objetivo: Induzir a carcinogênese na mucosa lingual de ratos Wistar através do óxido de nitroquinolina (4NQO), relacionando as alterações clínicas e microscópicas desenvolvidas com o tempo de exposição ao carcinógeno. Método: Foram utilizados 20 ratos que foram distribuídos entre o grupo experimental (15 animais) e controle (5 animais). No grupo experimental os animais foram alocados em 3 subgrupos, nos quais 5 animais receberam o 4NQO por 2 meses (A1), 5 por 3 meses (A2) e o restante por 4 meses (A3), o que tornou possível a detecção das diferentes fases da carcinogênese. Os dados foram apresentados por meio da estatística descritiva e foram utilizados os testes de Kruskal-Wallis e de Mann-Whitney. O programa estatístico utilizado foi o SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) na versão 13 e a margem de erro utilizada foi de 5,0%. Resultados: Tanto o modelo animal escolhido, como o carcinógeno químico utilizado foram satisfatórios para produção da carcinogênese oral similar a que ocorre em humanos. As alterações clínicas foram mais acentuadas nos animais que receberam as aplicações tópicas do 4NQO durante 4 meses, sendo possível visualizar desde uma leucoplasia a regiões eritroleucoplásicas. As alterações histopatológicas observadas no epitélio oral foram compatíveis com o diagnóstico de displasia epitelial leve, moderada, severa, carcinoma in situ ou carcinoma invasivo. Conclusão: A severidade das lesões teve relação direta com o tempo de exposição ao 4NQO.

Objective: To induce carcinogenesis on the lingual mucosa of Wistar rats by the administration of nitroquinoline oxide (4NQO), relating the clinical and microscopic alterations developed during the time of exposure to the carcinogenic agent. Methods: Twenty rats were allocated to either an experimental (15 animals) or a control (5 animals) group. In the experimental group, the animals were divided into 3 subgroups in which 5 animals received 4NQO during 2 months (A1), 5 during 3 months (A2), and 5 during 4 months (A3), making it possible to detect the different phases of carcinogenesis. Data were presented as descriptive statistics using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests in the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software, version 13.0. The significance level was set at 5.0%. Results: Both the animal model and the carcinogenic agent used in the study were satisfactory for inducing similar oral carcinogenesis to the one occurring in humans. The clinical alterations were more accentuated in the animals that received the topical applications of 4NQO during 4 months, ranging from leukoplakia to erythroleukoplakias regions. The histopathological alterations observed in the oral epithelium were compatible with the diagnosis of mild, moderate and severe epithelial dysplasia, in situ carcinoma or invasive carcinoma. Conclusion: The severity of the lesions had a direct relationship with the exposure time to 4NQO.

Análise Morfológica da Mucosa Oral de Ratos Submetida à Carcinogênese Experimental pelo Óxido de Nitroquinolina (4NQO) / Morphological Analysis of the Oral Mucosa of Rats Subjected to Experimental Carcinogenesis by Administration of Nitroquinoline Oxide (4NQO)

Objetivo: Induzir a carcinogênese na mucosa lingual de ratos Wistar através do óxido de nitroquinolina (4NQO), relacionando as alterações clínicas e microscópicas desenvolvidas com o tempo de exposição ao carcinógeno. Método: Foram utilizados 20 ratos que foram distribuídos entre o grupo experimental (15 animais) e controle (5 animais). No grupo experimental os animais foram alocados em 3 subgrupos, nos quais 5 animais receberam o 4NQO por 2 meses (A1), 5 por 3 meses (A2) e o restante por 4 meses (A3), o que tornou possível a detecção das diferentes fases da carcinogênese. Os dados foram apresentados por meio da estatística descritiva e foram utilizados os testes de Kruskal-Wallis e de Mann-Whitney. O programa estatístico utilizado foi o SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) na versão 13 e a margem de erro utilizada foi de 5,0%. Resultados: Tanto o modelo animal escolhido, como o carcinógeno químico utilizado foram satisfatórios para produção da carcinogênese oral similar a que ocorre em humanos. As alterações clínicas foram mais acentuadas nos animais que receberam as aplicações tópicas do 4NQO durante 4 meses, sendo possível visualizar desde uma leucoplasia a regiões eritroleucoplásicas. As alterações histopatológicas observadas no epitélio oral foram compatíveis com o diagnóstico de displasia epitelial leve, moderada, severa, carcinoma in situ ou carcinoma invasivo. Conclusão: A severidade das lesões teve relação direta com o tempo de exposição ao 4NQO.

Objective: To induce carcinogenesis on the lingual mucosa of Wistar rats by the administration of nitroquinoline oxide (4NQO), relating the clinical and microscopic alterations developed during the time of exposure to the carcinogenic agent. Methods: Twenty rats were allocated to either an experimental (15 animals) or a control (5 animals) group. In the experimental group, the animals were divided into 3 subgroups in which 5 animals received 4NQO during 2 months (A1), 5 during 3 months (A2), and 5 during 4 months (A3), making it possible to detect the different phases of carcinogenesis. Data were presented as descriptive statistics using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests in the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software, version 13.0. The significance level was set at 5.0%. Results: Both the animal model and the carcinogenic agent used in the study were satisfactory for inducing similar oral carcinogenesis to the one occurring in humans. The clinical alterations were more accentuated in the animals that received the topical applications of 4NQO during 4 months, ranging from leukoplakia to erythroleukoplakias regions. The histopathological alterations observed in the oral epithelium were compatible with the diagnosis of mild, moderate and severe epithelial dysplasia, in situ carcinoma or invasive carcinoma. Conclusion: The severity of the lesions had a direct relationship with the exposure time to 4NQO.

[Low intensity laser therapy effects on cell proliferation and differentiation: review of the literature]. / Ação da laserterapia no processo de proliferação e diferenciação celular: revisão da literatura.

Low energy laser has been used as an adjuvant therapy or as a therapeutic tool in many different areas of Dentistry. It is recognized by its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, and also as a tissue repair inductor. Low intensity laser property in stimulate cell proliferation during wound healing and its biomodulation mechanisms are discussed in this paper. These properties have already been established for cultured benign cells, but there is a controversy when extended to the spectrum of the malignant neoplastic process, normally generating great discussions. The objective of this work was to perform a literature review about the low intensity laser capacity in induce cell proliferation. The discussion is specially concerned about its effects on malignant cells.

Ação da laserterapia no processo de proliferação e diferenciação celular: revisão da literatura / Low intensity laser therapy effects on cell proliferation and differentiation: review of the literature

O uso da luz laser de baixa intensidade vem sendo utilizado como terapia coadjuvante ou de forma terapêutica isolada em várias especialidades odontológicas. Suas principais indicações incluem ação anti-inflamatória, analgésica e indutora da reparação tecidual. O poder cicatrizante do laser de baixa potência é discutido neste trabalho assim como os mecanismos de biomodulação e estimulação da mitose. Estas propriedades, já estudadas em células benignas, quando aplicadas em células neoplásicas malignas, abrem espaço para discussões. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre os aspectos indutivos do laser no processo de proliferação celular principalmente no que se refere a estes mecanismos em células neoplásicas malignas.

Low energy laser has been used as an adjuvant therapy or as a therapeutic tool in many different areas of Dentistry. It is recognized by its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, and also as a tissue repair inductor. Low intensity laser property in stimulate cell proliferation during wound healing and its biomodulation mechanisms are discussed in this paper. These properties have already been established for cultured benign cells, but there is a controversy when extended to the spectrum of the malignant neoplastic process, normally generating great discussions. The objective of this work was to perform a literature review about the low intensity laser capacity in induce cell proliferation. The discussion is specially concerned about its effects on malignant cells.

Líquen plano oral em paciente jovem: relato de caso / Oral lichen planus in a young patient: case report

Objetivo: o presente trabalho teve o objetivo de relatar um caso incomum de líquen plano oral em paciente jovem. Relato de Caso: paciente do sexo masculino, leucoderma que procurou diagnóstico diante da queixa de "feridas embaixo da língua, bochechas e no lábio inferior". Ao exame clínico evidenciaram-se múltiplas lesões eritematosas com estrias esbranquiçadas de aspecto reticulado, e lesões ulceradas e placas leucoplásicas localizadas em ambos os lados da mucosa jugal, região retromolar e gengiva inserida e língua. Não havia relato de lesões semelhantes na derme. A hipótese clínica foi de líquen plano oral, a qual confirmou-se após biópsia incisional de uma das lesões. O exame anatomopatológico confirmou a suspeita clínica de líquen plano oral onde foram evidenciadas características microscópicas típicas. Após 45 dias com tratamento convencional a base de corticóides, observou-se regressão parcial das lesões em gengiva inserida e mucosa jugal esquerda. O paciente foi encaminhado para tratamento com dermatologista e encontra-se sob proservação. Conclusão: apesar da falta de consonância com a literatura, o líquen plano oral pode ser verificado em pacientes jovens, do sexo masculino e afetando múltiplos locais da mucosa oral. O aumento do nível de estresse, entre outras condições inerentes ao cotidiano dessa faixa etária, pode estar relacionado ao aparecimento de líquen plano oral em pacientes jovens.

Objective: the presented paper aims to report a lichen planus case in a young patient. Case report: white male patient which was referred to an Oral Medicine Service of a Public University, with the main complaint of sore lesions underneath of the tongue and low lip. Intraoral examination revealed multiples erythemous lesions with a white lace-like pattern on buccal mucosa, and both some ulcerations' areas and leukoplastic plaques located on the tongue, bilateral involvement of buccal mucosa, retromolar trigone and attached gingivae. Based on the clinical findings, the case was diagnosed as oral lichen planus, which was confirmedafter incisional biopsy of the tongue. The histopathologic examinations revealed typical features of lichen planus. The conventional treatment with topic corticosteroid did not resulted in regression of the lesion through 45 days. The patient was referred to a Dermatologist and is underpreservation. Conclusion: Despite the lesion in question might not represent an incidence range of oral lichen planus, it can be found as well as a multiples lesion and the conditions can affects young patients and men. The increase of stress level and another's conditions typical of the teenagers' environment and life stile may explain the oral lichen planus occurrence in young people.

Adenosquamous carcinoma of the floor of the mouth mimicking an oral erythroleukoplakia: case report and review of literature

Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is an uncommon and controversial epithelial neoplasm characterized by simultaneous and distinct areas of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Only few cases of oral adenosquamous carcinoma have been previously reported in the literature. It has been described as a squamous cell carcinoma subtype with a high infiltrative capacity. The majority of the patients suffer with early recurrence, local and distant metastases, and low survival rate. In this article, a case of ASC which was clinically similar to an oral leukoplakia is reported and the literature is reviewed. We underline the main histological features and the importance of the oral pathologist in the recognition of the squamous cell carcinoma subtypes.

Considerações sobre a classificação e o comportamento biológico dos tumores odontogênicos epiteliais: revisão da literatura / Considerations regarding the epithelial odontogenic tumor classification and biological behavior: a literature review

Os tumores odontogênicos compreendem um grupo complexo de lesões com comportamento clínico e tipos histológicos diversos. Alguns desses tumores são neoplasias verdadeiras e raramente apresentam um comportamento maligno. Recentemente, a classificação e a nomenclatura dos tumores odontogênicos foi revisada e atualizada pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, e novas terminologias e entidades foram acrescentadas ao grupo. Nesta revisão da literatura, os autores enfatizaram as mudanças substanciais ocorridas na classificação dessas patologias, além de relatar experimentos que tiveram como finalidade identificar alterações moleculares nos tumores odontogênicos de origem epitelial.

Pigmented oral squamous cell carcinoma: a case report and brief review of the literature.

Melanin impregnation in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an uncommon histological finding. Rare nonmelanocytic entities were previously described as having melanocyte colonization. A 57-year-old Brazilian woman was referred with a pigmented lesion in the lower lip and alveolar ridge with a prior clinical diagnosis of melanoma. The incisional biopsy of the tumor revealed an SCC with strong colonization of melanocytes in the stroma. The authors report a case of an unusual SCC variant and a brief review of the literature.

Chronic apical periodentitis in patient with bilateral Sturge-Weber syndrome: report of a case / Periodontite apical crônica em paciente com sindrome de Sturge-Weber bilateral: relato de caso

This syndrome, also known as encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis, is a condition which includes vascular anomalies and intra-oral involvement. A patient came to the Dentistry School's endodontic clinic with complaints of localized pain on the lateral superior left teeth. She had a previous diagnostic of Sturge-Weber syndrome confirmed by the presence of bilateral facial nevus flammeus, examinations of angiography, radiological evidence of calcific densities, and ipsilaterally intra-oral vascular hyperplasia in the lip, cheek and tongue. Dental management included plaque control instructions, root planing and dental restoration. Particular attention is given to oral clinical changes, there were no complications and the tissue healed normally.

Esta síndrome, também conhecida como angiomatose encéfalo trigeminal, é uma condição que inclui anormalidades vasculares e envolvimento intra-oral. Um paciente procurou à Clínica de Endodontia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco com queixa de dor localizada no dente incisivo lateral superior. A paciente já possuia diagnóstico prévio da síndrome de Sturge-Weber confirmado pela presença de nevos flâmeos localizados bilateralmente na fse, angiografias, evidencias radiológicas de calcificações, e hiperplasia vascular ipsilateral do lábio, língua e região jugal. O tratamento odontológico incluiu instruções para controle de placa, tratamento endodôntico e restaurações dentária. Acompanhamento pós-operatório foi realizado cuidadosamente e a cura ocorreu sem complicações.

Diaminobenzidina versus fucsina básica como cromógeno em reações imunoistoquímicas: um ensaio crítico / Diaminobenzidine versus fuchicin stainning in imunohistochemistry reactions: a critical assay

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi comparar os cromégenos Diaminobenzidina e fucsina básica em estudos imunoistoquímicos de lesões pigmentadas. O carcinoma basocelular pigmentado foi escolhido como modelo tumoral para o estudo utilizando-se o anticorpo: bcl-2. Quatro carcinomas basocelulares pigmentados e quatro não-pigmentados foram selecionados, seccionados em cortes para coloração em hematoxilina e eosina e para técnica de imunoistoquímica utilizando-se dois cromógenos diferentes: diaminobenzidina e fucsina básica. A maioria das células positivas para a proteína bcl-2 e coradas com diaminobenzidina exibiu uma marcação citoplasmática acastanhada homogênea similar com o padrão de coloração promovido pela prersença de melanina nas células pigmentadas. Baseado nos resultados sugere-se a utilização da fucsina básica em tecidos pigmentados evitando o cromógeno diaminobenzidina, o qual dificulta a avaliação dos resultados comumente apresentando falso positivo.